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A car initially at rest moves with a constant acceleration of 2m.s⁻² east. Calculate the Magnitude of the velocity after 10 s and Distance covered during the first 10 s.

Physics

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7 parts
4.1

20 m/s\text{20 m/s}

4.2

100 m\text{100 m}

6.2

21.39 m/s\text{21.39 m/s}

6.3

9.75 m/s\text{9.75 m/s}

6.4

31.69 m\text{31.69 m}

6.5

139.04 m\text{139.04 m}

6.7

-8 m/s2\text{-8 m/s}^2

Step-by-step solution

16 steps

Part 4

A car initially at rest moves with a constant acceleration of 2 m/s22 \text{ m/s}^2 east.

Part 4.1

20 m/s\text{20 m/s}

Magnitude of the velocity after 10 s

  1. Identify the given values.

    Initial velocity u=0 m/su = 0 \text{ m/s} (at rest).
    Acceleration a=2 m/s2a = 2 \text{ m/s}^2.
    Time t=10 st = 10 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the kinematic equation v=u+atv = u + at to find the final velocity vv.

    v=0 m/s+(2 m/s2)(10 s)v = 0 \text{ m/s} + (2 \text{ m/s}^2)(10 \text{ s}) v=20 m/sv = 20 \text{ m/s}

    The magnitude of the velocity after 10 s10 \text{ s} is 20 m/s\boxed{\text{20 m/s}}.

Part 4.2

100 m\text{100 m}

Distance covered during the first 10 s

  1. Identify the given values.

    Initial velocity u=0 m/su = 0 \text{ m/s}.
    Acceleration a=2 m/s2a = 2 \text{ m/s}^2.
    Time t=10 st = 10 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the kinematic equation s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2 to find the distance ss.

    s=(0 m/s)(10 s)+12(2 m/s2)(10 s)2s = (0 \text{ m/s})(10 \text{ s}) + \frac{1}{2}(2 \text{ m/s}^2)(10 \text{ s})^2 s=0+12(2)(100)s = 0 + \frac{1}{2}(2)(100) s=100 ms = 100 \text{ m}

    The distance covered during the first 10 s10 \text{ s} is 100 m\boxed{\text{100 m}}.


Part 6

Part 6.1

Define the term acceleration.

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

Part 6.2

21.39 m/s\text{21.39 m/s}

Convert 77 km.h⁻¹ to m.s⁻¹.

  1. Convert kilometers to meters and hours to seconds.

    1 km=1000 m1 \text{ km} = 1000 \text{ m} 1 h=3600 s1 \text{ h} = 3600 \text{ s}
  2. Apply the conversion factors.

    77 km/h=77×1000 m3600 s77 \text{ km/h} = 77 \times \frac{1000 \text{ m}}{3600 \text{ s}} 77 km/h=77×518 m/s77 \text{ km/h} = 77 \times \frac{5}{18} \text{ m/s} 77 km/h≈21.39 m/s77 \text{ km/h} \approx 21.39 \text{ m/s}

    The velocity of car A is 21.39 m/s\boxed{\text{21.39 m/s}}.

Part 6.3

9.75 m/s\text{9.75 m/s}

Determine the velocity of CAR B while chasing CAR A.

  1. Identify the given values for car B.

    Initial velocity u=0 m/su = 0 \text{ m/s} (from rest).
    Acceleration a=1.5 m/s2a = 1.5 \text{ m/s}^2.
    Time t=6.5 st = 6.5 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the kinematic equation v=u+atv = u + at to find the final velocity vv.

    v=0 m/s+(1.5 m/s2)(6.5 s)v = 0 \text{ m/s} + (1.5 \text{ m/s}^2)(6.5 \text{ s}) v=9.75 m/sv = 9.75 \text{ m/s}

    The velocity of car B after 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s} is 9.75 m/s\boxed{\text{9.75 m/s}}.

Part 6.4

31.69 m\text{31.69 m}

How far has CAR B driven after 6,5 seconds?

  1. Identify the given values for car B.

    Initial velocity u=0 m/su = 0 \text{ m/s}.
    Acceleration a=1.5 m/s2a = 1.5 \text{ m/s}^2.
    Time t=6.5 st = 6.5 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the kinematic equation s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2 to find the distance ss.

    s=(0 m/s)(6.5 s)+12(1.5 m/s2)(6.5 s)2s = (0 \text{ m/s})(6.5 \text{ s}) + \frac{1}{2}(1.5 \text{ m/s}^2)(6.5 \text{ s})^2 s=0+12(1.5)(42.25)s = 0 + \frac{1}{2}(1.5)(42.25) s=0.75×42.25s = 0.75 \times 42.25 s=31.6875 ms = 31.6875 \text{ m}

    Car B has driven 31.69 m\boxed{\text{31.69 m}} (rounded to two decimal places).

Part 6.5

139.04 m\text{139.04 m}

How far did CAR A travel in that 6,5 seconds?

  1. Identify the given values for car A.

    Constant velocity vA=77 km/h=21.39 m/sv_A = 77 \text{ km/h} = 21.39 \text{ m/s} (from 6.2).
    Time t=6.5 st = 6.5 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the formula for distance with constant velocity s=v×ts = v \times t.

    sA=(21.39 m/s)(6.5 s)s_A = (21.39 \text{ m/s})(6.5 \text{ s}) sA=139.035 ms_A = 139.035 \text{ m}

    Car A traveled 139.04 m\boxed{\text{139.04 m}} (rounded to two decimal places).

Part 6.6· 2 steps

Will CAR B be able to catch up with CAR A? Explain your answer.

  1. Compare the distances covered by both cars after 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s}.

    Car A's distance sA=139.04 ms_A = 139.04 \text{ m}.
    Car B's distance sB=31.69 ms_B = 31.69 \text{ m}.
    At 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s}, Car B is behind Car A (sB<sAs_B < s_A).

  2. Compare their velocities after 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s}.

    Car A's velocity vA=21.39 m/sv_A = 21.39 \text{ m/s} (constant).
    Car B's velocity vB=9.75 m/sv_B = 9.75 \text{ m/s} (after 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s}, it continues at this constant velocity).
    Since Car B's constant velocity (9.75 m/s9.75 \text{ m/s}) is less than Car A's constant velocity (21.39 m/s21.39 \text{ m/s}), Car B will not be able to catch up with Car A.

    Explanation: ❌ No, Car B will not be able to catch up with Car A. After 6.5 s6.5 \text{ s}, Car B is still behind Car A (31.69 m31.69 \text{ m} vs 139.04 m139.04 \text{ m}). Furthermore, Car B's velocity (9.75 m/s9.75 \text{ m/s}) is less than Car A's velocity (21.39 m/s21.39 \text{ m/s}), and Car B continues at this constant, slower velocity. Therefore, the distance between them will continue to increase.

Part 6.7

-8 m/s2\text{-8 m/s}^2

What acceleration does CAR A experience to come to a standstill after 2,5 s?

  1. Identify the given values for car A during braking.

    Final velocity v=0 m/sv = 0 \text{ m/s} (comes to a standstill).
    Distance s=25 ms = 25 \text{ m}.
    Time t=2.5 st = 2.5 \text{ s}.

  2. Use the kinematic equations to find acceleration aa.

    We have s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2 and v=u+atv = u + at.
    From v=u+atv = u + at, we can express uu as u=v−at=0−a(2.5)=−2.5au = v - at = 0 - a(2.5) = -2.5a.
    Substitute this into the distance equation:

    s=(−2.5a)t+12at2s = (-2.5a)t + \frac{1}{2}at^2 25 m=(−2.5a)(2.5 s)+12a(2.5 s)225 \text{ m} = (-2.5a)(2.5 \text{ s}) + \frac{1}{2}a(2.5 \text{ s})^2 25=−6.25a+12a(6.25)25 = -6.25a + \frac{1}{2}a(6.25) 25=−6.25a+3.125a25 = -6.25a + 3.125a 25=−3.125a25 = -3.125a a=25−3.125a = \frac{25}{-3.125} a=−8 m/s2a = -8 \text{ m/s}^2

    The acceleration car A experiences is -8 m/s2\boxed{\text{-8 m/s}^2}. The negative sign indicates deceleration.

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